Key takeaways
ICD-10 Code M30.0 is the billable diagnosis code for polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), a systemic necrotizing vasculitis affecting medium-sized arteries.
M30.0 has been part of ICD-10-CM since October 1, 2015, and the FY2026 update left it unchanged.
Coders must distinguish M30.0 from sibling codes M30.1 (lung involvement), M30.2 (juvenile polyarteritis), and M30.3 (Kawasaki disease) to avoid claim errors.
The Excludes1 note on M30 is microscopic polyarteritis (M31.7), so the two codes never belong on the same claim.
Practice management software like Pabau helps rheumatology and specialty practices document PAN accurately and cut coding-related denials.
ICD-10 Code M30.0: definition and billable status
ICD-10 Code M30.0 is the billable ICD-10-CM code for polyarteritis nodosa, a systemic necrotizing vasculitis of medium-sized arteries. It covers classic PAN and nothing else. Four other subcodes sit in the M30 category, and they are the codes most often assigned by mistake.
M30.0 is not a new code. According to the CDC/NCHS ICD-10-CM web tool, it has been in the code set since ICD-10-CM took effect on October 1, 2015. The FY2026 annual update, effective October 1, 2025, left it in place unchanged. M30.0 sits in chapter M00-M99, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, within category M30-M36. It is a valid billable code for HIPAA-covered transactions.
Clinical description: what is polyarteritis nodosa?
Polyarteritis nodosa is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis that affects medium-sized muscular arteries. Unlike the large-vessel vasculitides, PAN spares capillaries, venules, and arterioles. Inflammation causes vessel wall necrosis, which leads to ischemia and infarction in the organs it reaches.
The organs most often involved are the kidneys, peripheral nerves, skin, gastrointestinal tract, and muscles. Rheumatology and dermatology see PAN most frequently. Accurate coding starts with recognizing which organ systems are involved, because those drive the additional codes filed alongside M30.0.
Signs and symptoms of polyarteritis nodosa
Clinical documentation for M30.0 should reflect the presenting features that support the diagnosis. Common findings include:
- Constitutional symptoms: fever, unintentional weight loss, malaise, fatigue
- Musculoskeletal: myalgia, arthralgia, arthritis
- Neurological: mononeuritis multiplex, which presents as an asymmetric sensorimotor neuropathy, and rarely central nervous system involvement
- Renal: hypertension and reduced renal function from renovascular involvement
- Cutaneous: livedo reticularis, subcutaneous nodules, skin ulcers, purpura
- Gastrointestinal: abdominal pain, nausea, intestinal ischemia
- Testicular: orchitis or testicular pain in male patients
Glomerulonephritis is notably absent in classic PAN, which separates it from the ANCA-associated vasculitides coded in M31. That single distinction decides code assignment more often than any individual symptom does.
Synonyms and index entries that map to M30.0
The ICD-10-CM alphabetic index lists several terms that resolve to M30.0. Coders should recognize all of them, because physician documentation often uses older terminology.
- Polyarteritis nodosa
- Polyarteritis (nodosa)
- Necrotizing arteritis
- Periarteritis nodosa
- Panarteritis nodosa
- Systemic necrotizing vasculitis (medium vessel, non-ANCA)
When a physician documents „periarteritis nodosa“ or „panarteritis nodosa,“ the index lookup still resolves to M30.0. Coding from the clinical description rather than the documented term is what causes misassignment, especially when records arrive from outside specialists. The AAPC ICD-10-CM code lookup confirms these index mappings.
Osteopaths treating these conditions can document diagnoses and sessions in osteopathy practice software.
ICD-10-CM coding guidelines for M30.0
The CMS ICD-10-CM coding guidelines govern when and how M30.0 is applied. Several rules affect claim accuracy for vasculitis diagnoses directly.
Excludes notes for M30.0
The M30 category carries exclusion notes that restrict or redirect code use. They apply before M30.0 goes anywhere near a claim form.
Sequencing guidance: when M30.0 is the reason for the encounter, code it as the principal diagnosis. Manifestation codes for organ involvement follow as additional diagnoses. Reverse that order only when the encounter is for management of the organ complication rather than the vasculitis itself.
M30 category: polyarteritis nodosa and related conditions
M30 is the parent category for polyarteritis nodosa and related conditions. Each subcode is a clinically distinct condition, so the subcode you choose decides whether the claim matches the record. Related vasculitis codes also sit just outside M30, including M31.0 for hypersensitivity angiitis and M35.2 for Behçet’s disease.
The WHO ICD-10 browser gives the international classification context for these codes. That is useful for patients transferred from health systems that use WHO ICD-10 rather than ICD-10-CM.
Pro Tip
When documentation states ‚vasculitis NOS‘ without specifying vessel size or ANCA status, query the physician before assigning M30.0. PAN requires confirmation of medium-vessel involvement and ANCA-negative status. Assigning M30.0 from unspecified vasculitis documentation invites a payer audit and possible downcoding.
Common associated diagnoses and comorbidities
PAN rarely presents in isolation. A complete claim for an M30.0 encounter usually needs additional codes to capture the clinical picture. The conditions below are the ones most often coded alongside M30.0 in rheumatology and specialty practice.
- Renal involvement: N26.9 (Renal sclerosis, unspecified) or N28.9 (Disorder of kidney and ureter, unspecified) when renovascular PAN affects renal function
- Peripheral neuropathy: G62.9 (Polyneuropathy, unspecified), or G58.7 (Mononeuritis multiplex) when mononeuritis multiplex is documented
- Hypertension: I10 (Essential primary hypertension) when renovascular involvement drives blood pressure elevation
- Skin manifestations: L95.0 (Livedoid vasculitis) when cutaneous PAN features are documented
- Hepatitis B association: B18.1 (Chronic viral hepatitis B without delta-agent) when HBV-associated PAN is documented
- Weight loss: R63.4 (Abnormal weight loss) when constitutional wasting is documented as a separate concern
Hepatitis B-associated PAN is a clinically distinct subset, so the underlying infection belongs on the claim under the appropriate B18- code. Payers reviewing vasculitis claims look for whether the organ manifestations are supported in the record. The same applies on the treatment side.
Documentation tips for accurate M30.0 coding
PAN records are high-complexity by nature. Incomplete documentation is the most common reason M30.0 claims draw a medical necessity denial or a request for more information. The checklist below is what coders and clinical teams need between them.
Practices that build these elements into intake and clinical note workflows catch missing detail before the claim goes out. A structured review of systems is where most of that detail gets captured. A template such as this endocrine review of systems shows the organ-by-organ prompting that a vasculitis record needs.
Pro Tip
Flag every M30.0 claim for coder review before submission when the physician note says only ‚vasculitis‘. Query the physician with a standard query form, asking for vessel size, ANCA status, and whether PAN was the intended diagnosis. A documented query is also the first thing an auditor looks for when the note reads thin.
Related ICD-10 codes
How Pabau supports accurate vasculitis coding
In most practices, the M30.0 evidence is scattered. The ANCA result sits in a lab portal, and the vessel-size wording sits in a dictated note. The HBsAg status is in an intake form somebody scanned. The coder assembles all of it after the visit, which is when the missing pieces turn into a query or a denial.
Practice management software like Pabau keeps that evidence in one patient record. Digital intake forms capture symptom history and serology before the visit. Treatment notes prompt for the detail M30.0 needs, and lab results attach to the same file. Nothing has to be chased across three systems at billing time.
From there. Your coders see which M30.0 submissions cleared and which came back. That lets you fix a documentation pattern once, instead of appealing the same denial every month.
Fewer coding errors on complex diagnoses
Pabau brings digital intake, treatment notes, and claims management into one patient record. Your team builds documentation that supports M30.0 during the visit, instead of reconstructing it after a denial.
Conclusion
Whether an M30.0 claim survives is decided before anyone keys the code. A note that names polyarteritis nodosa, confirms medium-vessel involvement, and records ANCA-negative status will hold up. A note that says „vasculitis“ and stops there will not, however carefully it is coded.
So query early rather than at appeal. A physician query costs a day of turnaround. A denial costs the revenue for that visit plus the rework, and it usually repeats until someone changes the template behind it.
That is the practical fix here, and it is a documentation problem long before it is a coding one. Book a demo to see how Pabau keeps vasculitis documentation and claim submission in the same place.
Continue your research
Coding a pediatric vasculitis presentation instead? ICD-10 code M30.3 walks through Kawasaki disease documentation and the criteria payers expect to see.
Documentation that does not fit any named M30 subcode? ICD-10 code M30.8 covers polyangiitis overlap syndrome and when the other specified code applies.
Need the large-vessel side of the differential? ICD-10 code M31.5 explains giant cell arteritis with polymyalgia rheumatica and how it is billed.
Seeing aortic or subclavian involvement in the record? ICD-10 code M31.4 sets out the coding rules for aortic arch syndrome, or Takayasu arteritis.
Working with a vasculopathy that has no specific code? ICD-10 code M31.8 explains when the other specified necrotizing vasculopathy option is right.
Frequently asked questions
What is ICD-10 Code M30.0?
ICD-10 Code M30.0 is the billable ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), a systemic necrotizing vasculitis affecting medium-sized muscular arteries. It has been part of ICD-10-CM since October 1, 2015, and it remains valid for FY2026 claims. The code sits in chapter M00-M99, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue.
Is M30.0 a billable ICD-10-CM code?
Yes, M30.0 is a billable, specific ICD-10-CM code valid for HIPAA-covered claim submission. It is a terminal code in the ICD-10-CM hierarchy, meaning it cannot be further subdivided and is accepted directly for diagnosis reporting.
What is the difference between M30.0 and M30.1?
M30.0 covers classic polyarteritis nodosa, which affects medium-sized arteries without lung involvement. M30.1 covers polyarteritis with lung involvement, historically associated with Churg-Strauss syndrome. Pulmonary involvement in the record is the differentiator that routes coding to M30.1 rather than M30.0.
What are the subcodes under ICD-10 category M30?
The M30 category includes M30.0 (Polyarteritis nodosa), M30.1 (Polyarteritis with lung involvement), and M30.2 (Juvenile polyarteritis). It also covers M30.3 (Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, or Kawasaki disease) and M30.8 (Other conditions related to polyarteritis nodosa). Each is a clinically distinct condition, and they must not be used interchangeably.
What are the excludes notes for ICD-10 Code M30.0?
The M30 category carries an Excludes1 note for microscopic polyarteritis, which is coded M31.7. The two codes never appear on the same claim. M30 also excludes the other ANCA-associated vasculitides coded in M31, along with Kawasaki disease at M30.3.
How do I document polyarteritis nodosa for ICD-10 coding?
Physician documentation should state „polyarteritis nodosa“ or an accepted synonym, confirm medium-vessel involvement, record ANCA test results, and list each organ system affected. ANCA-negative status is what supports M30.0. Capture hepatitis B serology too when HBV-associated PAN is suspected, because that drives an additional B18.1 code.