{"id":163531,"date":"2026-07-24T09:00:57","date_gmt":"2026-07-24T09:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/?p=163531"},"modified":"2026-08-13T13:02:47","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T13:02:47","slug":"hip-flexor-strain-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/","title":{"rendered":"Hip flexor strain test: Thomas Test, FADIR, and clinical grading"},"content":{"rendered":"        <div id=\"key_takeaways\">\n            <div class=\"header\">\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Key-Takeaways-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Key Takeaways\" height=\"42\" width=\"42\">\n                                <h3>Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"list\">\n                                                            <div class=\"item\">\n                            <div>\n                                <svg width=\"20\" height=\"27\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 27\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                                    <path\n                                        d=\"M18.6223 14.3857C19.1246 13.8975 19.1246 13.1045 18.6223 12.6162L12.1938 6.36621C11.6915 5.87793 10.8759 5.87793 10.3737 6.36621C9.87143 6.85449 9.87143 7.64746 10.3737 8.13574L14.6125 12.2529H2.28571C1.57455 12.2529 1 12.8115 1 13.5029C1 14.1943 1.57455 14.7529 2.28571 14.7529H14.6085L10.3777 18.8701C9.87545 19.3584 9.87545 20.1514 10.3777 20.6396C10.8799 21.1279 11.6955 21.1279 12.1978 20.6396L18.6263 14.3896L18.6223 14.3857Z\"\n                                        fill=\"#3D3D46\" \/>\n                                <\/svg>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <p>Hip flexor strain test: the Thomas Test is the primary clinical tool for identifying iliopsoas and rectus femoris tightness or contracture, confirmed by a thigh that rises off the table when one leg is lowered.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                                                <div class=\"item\">\n                            <div>\n                                <svg width=\"20\" height=\"27\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 27\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                                    <path\n                                        d=\"M18.6223 14.3857C19.1246 13.8975 19.1246 13.1045 18.6223 12.6162L12.1938 6.36621C11.6915 5.87793 10.8759 5.87793 10.3737 6.36621C9.87143 6.85449 9.87143 7.64746 10.3737 8.13574L14.6125 12.2529H2.28571C1.57455 12.2529 1 12.8115 1 13.5029C1 14.1943 1.57455 14.7529 2.28571 14.7529H14.6085L10.3777 18.8701C9.87545 19.3584 9.87545 20.1514 10.3777 20.6396C10.8799 21.1279 11.6955 21.1279 12.1978 20.6396L18.6263 14.3896L18.6223 14.3857Z\"\n                                        fill=\"#3D3D46\" \/>\n                                <\/svg>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <p>Three grades of hip flexor strain exist; grading without imaging carries uncertainty, so clinical findings should be documented alongside functional limitations rather than isolated test results.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                                                <div class=\"item\">\n                            <div>\n                                <svg width=\"20\" height=\"27\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 27\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                                    <path\n                                        d=\"M18.6223 14.3857C19.1246 13.8975 19.1246 13.1045 18.6223 12.6162L12.1938 6.36621C11.6915 5.87793 10.8759 5.87793 10.3737 6.36621C9.87143 6.85449 9.87143 7.64746 10.3737 8.13574L14.6125 12.2529H2.28571C1.57455 12.2529 1 12.8115 1 13.5029C1 14.1943 1.57455 14.7529 2.28571 14.7529H14.6085L10.3777 18.8701C9.87545 19.3584 9.87545 20.1514 10.3777 20.6396C10.8799 21.1279 11.6955 21.1279 12.1978 20.6396L18.6263 14.3896L18.6223 14.3857Z\"\n                                        fill=\"#3D3D46\" \/>\n                                <\/svg>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <p>FADIR and manual muscle testing complement the Thomas Test; no single test rules in or out a hip flexor strain, and the combination of ROM, strength, and provocation findings builds the clinical picture.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                                                <div class=\"item\">\n                            <div>\n                                <svg width=\"20\" height=\"27\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 27\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                                    <path\n                                        d=\"M18.6223 14.3857C19.1246 13.8975 19.1246 13.1045 18.6223 12.6162L12.1938 6.36621C11.6915 5.87793 10.8759 5.87793 10.3737 6.36621C9.87143 6.85449 9.87143 7.64746 10.3737 8.13574L14.6125 12.2529H2.28571C1.57455 12.2529 1 12.8115 1 13.5029C1 14.1943 1.57455 14.7529 2.28571 14.7529H14.6085L10.3777 18.8701C9.87545 19.3584 9.87545 20.1514 10.3777 20.6396C10.8799 21.1279 11.6955 21.1279 12.1978 20.6396L18.6263 14.3896L18.6223 14.3857Z\"\n                                        fill=\"#3D3D46\" \/>\n                                <\/svg>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <p>Pabau&#8217;s structured patient records and digital intake forms help sports medicine and physiotherapy practices document Thomas Test findings, ROM measurements, and rehab milestones in a single workflow.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    \n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hip flexor injuries are among the most frequently missed diagnoses in clinical musculoskeletal assessment. Anterior hip pain gets attributed to groin pulls, lumbosacral referral, or hip labral pathology, while the underlying hip flexor strain goes undocumented and undertreated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A systematic review published in the journal <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5097097\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Sports Medicine<\/a> found that sports-related groin pain accounts for 12% to 18% of all sports injuries each year, and hip flexor pathology is frequently implicated alongside labral and adductor-related causes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Clinicians working in <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/industry\/sports-medicine-software\/\">sports medicine practice management<\/a> know the diagnostic challenge well: the pain location is non-specific, the tests require precise technique, and symptom overlap with differential diagnoses is substantial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This guide covers the full hip flexor strain test battery used in physiotherapy and sports medicine: the Thomas Test as the primary assessment, the FADIR as a provocation complement, and resisted hip flexion combined with ROM measurement to complete the clinical picture. It also covers grading criteria, differential diagnosis, documentation workflows, and treatment pathways by grade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-hip-flexor-strain-test-anatomy-and-the-muscles-you-are-assessing\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hip flexor strain test: Anatomy and the muscles you are assessing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Running an accurate hip flexor strain test requires knowing which structures you are loading. Three muscle groups dominate the anterior hip and are most frequently strained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Iliopsoas (psoas major + iliacus):<\/strong> The deepest and most powerful hip flexor. It originates from lumbar vertebrae L1-L5 and the iliac fossa, inserts on the lesser trochanter of the femur, and is the primary target of the Thomas Test. Strain here typically presents as deep anterior hip pain that worsens with prolonged sitting or resisted flexion above 90 degrees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rectus femoris:<\/strong> The only quadriceps head that crosses the hip joint. It originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) and is tested separately in the Thomas Test by observing knee extension when the thigh is lowered. Athletes who sprint or kick are most susceptible.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tensor fasciae latae (TFL):<\/strong> A secondary hip flexor that also abducts and internally rotates the hip. TFL tightness contributes to snapping hip syndrome and is palpable just distal to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hip flexor pain is typically felt in the anterior hip and groin region, often radiating toward the inner thigh. Psoas major involvement can refer pain into the lumbar spine, which frequently leads to misattribution as lumbosacral strain. Knowing the pain distribution of each muscle guides both test selection and interpretation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-recognizing-hip-flexor-strain-symptoms-and-severity-grades\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recognizing hip flexor strain symptoms and severity grades<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before performing any hip flexor strain test, establish the symptom profile. Symptom pattern and functional limitation help select the appropriate tests and guide how aggressively to load the structure during assessment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;margin:1.5em 0 2em;box-shadow:0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08)\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Grade<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Tissue Involvement<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Symptoms<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Functional Impact<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Grade I<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Micro-tears; less than 10% of fibers<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Localized anterior hip tenderness; mild pain on resisted flexion<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Full or near-full ROM; able to continue activity with discomfort<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0;background:#F9FAFB\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Grade II<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Partial tear; 10-90% fiber disruption<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Significant anterior hip and groin pain; bruising possible; weakness on testing<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Reduced ROM; unable to sprint or kick without pain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Grade III<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Complete rupture<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Severe pain; palpable defect may be present; antalgic gait<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Substantially restricted ROM; imaging (MRI\/ultrasound) required to confirm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Clinical grading without imaging carries uncertainty, since physical exam findings alone can underestimate the true extent of fiber disruption in a partial tear. Document functional limitations and ROM measurements alongside the clinical grade, and recommend ultrasound or MRI when Grade II or III is suspected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A delayed diagnosis of a severe strain raises the risk of myositis ossificans developing at the injury site, billed under <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/diagnostic-codes\/icd-10-code-m619\/\">M61.9<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-the-thomas-test-step-by-step-procedure-and-interpretation-for-hip-flexor-strain\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Thomas Test: Step-by-step procedure and interpretation for hip flexor strain<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Thomas Test, named after British orthopedic surgeon Hugh Owen Thomas, remains the foundational hip flexor strain test in clinical practice. It identifies hip flexion contracture, iliopsoas tightness, and rectus femoris restriction through a controlled passive positioning maneuver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-how-to-perform-the-thomas-test\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to perform the Thomas Test<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Position the patient supine<\/strong> at the end of the examination table, with both hips and knees hanging off the edge at 90 degrees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flex both hips to chest:<\/strong> Ask the patient to pull both knees firmly to their chest to flatten the lumbar spine and eliminate compensatory lordosis. Confirm the lumbar curve is abolished before proceeding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lower the test leg:<\/strong> While the patient maintains the non-test leg against their chest, slowly lower the test leg toward the table. Instruct the patient to relax the limb completely.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Observe the thigh position:<\/strong> Note whether the thigh lies flat on the table, rises above horizontal, or adopts an abducted or externally rotated position.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Observe the knee angle:<\/strong> Note whether the knee flexes to approximately 90 degrees, extends beyond that, or flexes less. Extension suggests rectus femoris tightness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stabilize the pelvis:<\/strong> Palpate the ASIS bilaterally to detect anterior pelvic tilt, which can create a false negative result by allowing the hip to appear to extend through lumbar compensation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-interpreting-a-positive-thomas-test-result\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Interpreting a positive Thomas Test result<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;margin:1.5em 0 2em;box-shadow:0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08)\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Observation<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Implicated Structure<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Clinical Significance<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Thigh rises above table<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Iliopsoas tightness or contracture<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Positive for hip flexion contracture; measure degrees above horizontal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0;background:#F9FAFB\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Knee extends beyond 90 degrees<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Rectus femoris tightness<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Indicates biarticular hip flexor restriction; common in sprinters<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Thigh abducts during lowering<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">TFL or iliotibial band tightness<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Differentiate from pure hip flexor strain; assess IT band separately<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0;background:#F9FAFB\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Lumbar lordosis returns on lowering<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Lumbar compensation masking hip flexor tightness<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Stabilize pelvis; repeat test with firmer lumbar flattening instruction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Published sensitivity and specificity figures for the Thomas Test vary considerably between studies, and neither should be treated as fixed. The test should not be used in isolation. Positive findings guide the next layer of testing, not the final diagnosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-fadir-test-complementing-the-hip-flexor-strain-test-battery\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">FADIR test: Complementing the hip flexor strain test battery<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The FADIR (Flexion, Adduction, Internal Rotation) test primarily screens for femoroacetabular impingement and hip labral pathology, but it also reveals hip flexor and anterior capsule tightness as secondary findings. Use it whenever the Thomas Test is positive and anterior hip pain suggests labral involvement may coexist with the hip flexor strain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-fadir-procedure\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">FADIR procedure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Patient supine, hip and knee relaxed at neutral.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Passively flex the hip to 90 degrees, then adduct and internally rotate the femur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A positive result is reproduction of anterior hip or groin pain, clicking, or apprehension at end range.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Note whether pain is sharp and localized (labral) or a dull aching pull (hip flexor\/capsular).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The FADIR test carries a sensitivity of approximately 88% for labral pathology but is less specific. It should not be read as confirming a labral tear without imaging confirmation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When both the Thomas Test and FADIR are positive, the clinical priority is to determine whether a labral tear is contributing before prescribing progressive loading rehab, because resisted exercises appropriate for hip flexor strain can aggravate labral pathology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Clinicians should record both test results and their directional findings in the same session notes, the same way a positive <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/templates\/stinchfield-test-template\/\">Stinchfield test<\/a> is documented alongside other hip provocation findings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-additional-hip-flexor-tests-strength-and-range-of-motion-assessment\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Additional hip flexor tests: Strength and range of motion assessment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Relying on a single hip flexor strain test misses the multidimensional nature of the injury. Combine the Thomas Test and FADIR with these additional assessments for a complete clinical picture \u2014 the same battery logic that applies to a <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/bicep-tear-test\/\">bicep tear test<\/a>, where Hook and Yergason&#8217;s findings are weighed together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-resisted-hip-flexion-manual-muscle-testing\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Resisted hip flexion (manual muscle testing)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the patient seated at the edge of the table, hip and knee at 90 degrees, place your hand on the distal thigh and ask the patient to flex the hip against resistance. Grade strength using the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale (0-5).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pain on resisted flexion without significant weakness suggests a Grade I strain. Weakness with pain indicates Grade II or higher. Compare bilaterally: a side-to-side deficit exceeding 20% in hip flexion strength is clinically significant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-passive-and-active-rom-measurement\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Passive and active ROM measurement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Measure hip extension range actively and passively. Normal passive hip extension is 20-30 degrees beyond neutral, and a restriction below 10 degrees correlates with iliopsoas tightness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Also measure hip internal rotation with the patient prone, knee at 90 degrees. Reduced internal rotation alongside anterior hip pain widens the differential toward FAI or labral pathology. Document all ROM values in degrees using a goniometer so they serve as a baseline for tracking rehab progress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-palpation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Palpation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Palpate the ASIS and distal iliopsoas tendon just medial to the femoral triangle. Focal tenderness at the lesser trochanter insertion distinguishes iliopsoas tendinopathy from a mid-belly strain. Palpation findings, when recorded alongside provocation tests such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/resisted-external-derotation-test\/\">resisted external derotation test<\/a>, improve consistency between sessions and between practitioners.<\/p>\n\n\n        <div id=\"pro_tip\">\n            <div class=\"img\">\n                <svg width=\"42\" height=\"42\" viewBox=\"0 0 42 42\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"\n                        d=\"M12.6383 19.5238C12.6632 21.2071 12.8734 22.9926 12.0685 24.5523C11.0341 26.8917 8.45076 28.169 7.56292 30.5918C6.63082 33.1061 7.19505 36.185 9.31371 37.9786C10.929 39.5678 13.4183 39.9873 15.6061 39.5463C17.4592 39.073 19.1049 37.8388 19.9706 36.1608C20.781 34.7141 20.7866 32.9904 20.5293 31.3985C20.1006 29.3092 18.3775 27.8705 16.9807 26.362C14.8814 24.1005 14.6684 20.6854 15.595 17.8915C16.4331 15.4768 19.0026 14.2344 20.0425 11.9461C20.7202 10.6769 20.7506 9.20327 20.6068 7.81304C20.1864 5.40098 18.3139 3.23631 15.8716 2.56674C13.9742 2.03969 11.8224 2.30052 10.1739 3.37614C8.70522 4.34688 7.5878 5.86618 7.28356 7.58178C6.76081 9.82981 7.53525 12.2822 9.20307 13.9118C10.7658 15.4741 12.4806 17.2273 12.6383 19.5238Z\"\n                        fill=\"#2BADD4\" \/>\n                    <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"\n                        d=\"M22.7048 19.8387C22.6822 22.3279 24.4507 24.6234 26.7493 25.4682C28.0531 25.961 29.4725 25.9183 30.7989 25.5487C32.0575 24.9955 33.301 24.2237 34.0069 23.0092C34.8384 21.5811 35.2982 19.8286 34.7832 18.2094C34.3611 16.2507 32.8739 14.6541 31.0275 13.9426C28.6736 12.9595 25.8073 13.7942 24.1719 15.7001C23.2022 16.8366 22.6143 18.3326 22.7048 19.8387Z\"\n                        fill=\"#2BADD4\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"text\">\n                <h3>Pro Tip<\/h3>\n                <p>Document the exact anatomical location of maximum tenderness on palpation using body region notation (e.g. &#8216;left iliopsoas at the inguinal ligament, 2\/10 at rest, 7\/10 on deep palpation&#8217;). Vague palpation notes make it impossible to track whether the injury is resolving between sessions.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    \n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-differential-diagnosis-ruling-out-other-causes-of-hip-flexor-pain\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Differential diagnosis: Ruling out other causes of hip flexor pain<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Anterior hip pain has a wide differential. The hip flexor strain test battery helps narrow it, but several conditions share overlapping symptoms and require deliberate exclusion. Using <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/ottawa-ankle-rules-calculator\/\">clinical decision rules<\/a> as a model, the aim is to reach a working diagnosis with a defined confidence level, not false certainty. The principle mirrors dedicated provocation maneuvers elsewhere, like the <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/windlass-test\/\">windlass test<\/a> for plantar fasciitis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;margin:1.5em 0 2em;box-shadow:0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08)\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Condition<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Distinguishing Feature<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Key Test<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#121D36;color:#fff;padding:14px 16px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0.3px;border-bottom:2px solid #2BADD4\">Red Flag<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Hip flexor strain<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Positive Thomas Test; pain on resisted flexion; localized anterior hip tenderness<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Thomas Test, resisted hip flexion<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Palpable defect suggests Grade III; refer for imaging<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0;background:#F9FAFB\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Hip labral tear<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Deep groin clicking or locking; FADIR positive; pain at end-range flexion\/rotation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">FADIR, FABER<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Requires MRI arthrogram to confirm; do not progress loading without imaging<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Snapping hip syndrome<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Audible or palpable snap during hip flexion\/extension; may be painless initially<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Dynamic hip assessment; Thomas Test often normal<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Pain + snap = psoas tendon irritation; dynamic ultrasound useful<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0;background:#F9FAFB\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Lumbosacral strain<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Referred anterior hip pain; lumbar tenderness; ROM restriction in lumbar flexion<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Lumbar ROM; straight leg raise<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Neurological symptoms; bowel\/bladder changes; urgent referral required<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #E8ECF0\">\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;font-weight:600;color:#121D36\">Piriformis syndrome<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">Posterior hip \/ buttock pain; sciatic radiation; tender on deep posterior palpation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">FAIR test; resisted external rotation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px 16px;color:#374151\">True piriformis tears uncommon; image if symptoms progressive<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/symptoms\/hip-pain\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">NHS guidance<\/a> on hip pain recommends considering referred lumbar pathology in all presentations of anterior hip pain before attributing symptoms to a local muscle injury. A positive <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/templates\/bragards-test\/\">Bragard&#8217;s test<\/a> alongside a restricted straight leg raise strengthens the case for a lumbar source over a local hip flexor strain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-documenting-hip-flexor-strain-assessment-findings-in-clinical-practice\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Documenting hip flexor strain assessment findings in clinical practice<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Documentation is where consistency breaks down between sessions and between practitioners. A positive hip flexor strain test result is clinically useful only if it is recorded in a format that transfers cleanly from one visit to the next.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Effective documentation of a hip flexor strain test assessment covers four elements:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Test findings:<\/strong> Thomas Test result (negative \/ positive; thigh angle in degrees if measurable), FADIR result, and whether rectus femoris or TFL findings complicated the picture.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Strength data:<\/strong> MRC grade for resisted hip flexion, bilateral comparison, and whether pain was provoked or just weakness noted.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ROM measurements:<\/strong> Hip extension (active and passive) in degrees; hip internal rotation in degrees; note side-to-side differences.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Strain grade and rationale:<\/strong> State the working clinical grade (I, II, or III), the features driving that assessment, and whether imaging is recommended to confirm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Structured <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/soap-notes-meaning\/\">SOAP note documentation<\/a> provides the framework, but content specificity determines whether a second treating clinician can pick up the case without starting from scratch. Guidelines on writing safer clinical notes stress that measurement values, not descriptive adjectives, are the standard for musculoskeletal assessments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Practices using <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/industry\/physical-therapy-emr\/\">physical therapy EMR<\/a> software can build structured templates for hip assessments that pre-populate field labels (Thomas Test: positive\/negative; hip extension ROM: ___ degrees), reducing the time to document while standardizing the output across the team.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Practice management software like Pabau offers <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/features\/medical-records-management\/\">structured patient records<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/features\/patient-intake-software\/\">digital intake forms<\/a> that let sports medicine and physiotherapy practices capture hip flexor strain test findings, ROM baselines, and rehab milestones in a single workflow, with full session history visible at the next appointment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For practices with <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/mandatory-compliance-for-physiotherapy-clinics\/\">physiotherapy clinic compliance requirements<\/a>, structured outcome measure recording is not optional. Regulators and insurers in the UK and Australia expect progressive documentation that demonstrates clinical reasoning and measurable change over time.<\/p>\n\n\n        <div id=\"book_a_demo\">\n            <div class=\"left-side\">\n                <div class=\"logo\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\"\n                        src=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Logo.svg\"\n                        alt=\"Logo\"\n                        loading=\"lazy\"\n                    \/>\n                <\/div>\n\n                <h3 class=\"heading\">\n                    Streamline your sports medicine documentation                <\/h3>\n\n                <p class=\"description\">\n                    Pabau helps physiotherapy and sports medicine clinics capture structured assessment findings, track ROM baselines, and manage rehab milestones without switching between tools. See how it works for your practice.                <\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"button-group\">\n                    <a href=\"\/book-demo\/\" class=\"btn btn-scale-effect btn-cta-color btn-md\">\n                        <span class=\"btn-text\">Book a demo<\/span>\n                        <div class=\"btn-icon btn-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                            <svg\n                                width=\"14\"\n                                height=\"12\"\n                                viewBox=\"0 0 14 12\"\n                                fill=\"none\"\n                                xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n                            >\n                                <path\n                                    d=\"M0.75 4.77295C0.335786 4.77295 0 5.10874 0 5.52295C0 5.93716 0.335786 6.27295 0.75 6.27295V5.52295V4.77295ZM13.2803 6.05328C13.5732 5.76039 13.5732 5.28551 13.2803 4.99262L8.50736 0.219648C8.21447 -0.073245 7.73959 -0.073245 7.4467 0.219648C7.15381 0.512542 7.15381 0.987415 7.4467 1.28031L11.6893 5.52295L7.4467 9.76559C7.15381 10.0585 7.15381 10.5334 7.4467 10.8263C7.73959 11.1191 8.21447 11.1191 8.50736 10.8263L13.2803 6.05328ZM0.75 5.52295V6.27295L12.75 6.27295V5.52295V4.77295L0.75 4.77295V5.52295Z\"\n                                    fill=\"currentColor\"\n                                ><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"right-side\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                    src=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Home-Page-Concept-4.webp\"\n                    alt=\"Pabau practice management for sports medicine clinics\"\n                    loading=\"lazy\"\n                \/>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        \n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-hip-flexor-strain-treatment-and-rehabilitation-by-grade\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hip flexor strain treatment and rehabilitation by grade<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Confirm the working strain grade before prescribing a rehab pathway. Treatment diverges significantly between grades, and advancing a Grade II strain too quickly is a common cause of re-injury.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-acute-phase-0-72-hours-all-grades\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Acute phase (0-72 hours, all grades)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apply the PEACE &amp; LOVE framework. PEACE stands for Protection, Elevation, Avoid anti-inflammatories, Compression, and Education. LOVE stands for Load, Optimism, Vascularization, and Exercise, introduced progressively once the acute phase settles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avoid aggressive stretching in the first 72 hours. For Grade I, relative rest is sufficient, and the athlete can typically continue low-load activity. For Grade II and III, non-weight-bearing or reduced loading with crutch support may be necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-sub-acute-phase-mobility-and-strength-days-4-onwards\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sub-acute phase: Mobility and strength (days 4 onwards)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Begin gentle active ROM in pain-free range, progressing to resisted hip flexion at low loads. Key exercises in this phase include supine hip flexion slides, standing hip flexor activation with resistance band, and hip extension bridging to address antagonist weakness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Progress is gated by pain response, not time alone. A clinician-monitored approach, informed by <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/physiotherapy-clinic-management-software\/\">physiotherapy clinic management workflows<\/a>, means each progression is assessed against the previous session&#8217;s ROM and strength measurements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-rehabilitation-milestones-and-return-to-sport\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rehabilitation milestones and return to sport<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recovery timelines vary by grade and individual. Grade I strains typically resolve within 1-3 weeks. Grade II injuries commonly require 4-8 weeks of structured rehabilitation. Grade III tears, particularly complete psoas avulsions, may require 3-6 months and surgical consultation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The American College of Sports Medicine, or <a href=\"https:\/\/acsm.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">ACSM<\/a>, recommends that return-to-sport decisions be clinician-guided and criterion-based rather than time-based. Three criteria matter most:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Full pain-free range of motion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Symmetric hip flexion strength within 10% of the uninjured side<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sport-specific loading tolerance, confirmed with an objective measure such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/illinois-agility-test\/\">Illinois Agility Test<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A structured <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/return-to-running-protocol-physical-therapy-2\/\">return-to-sport protocol<\/a> for physical therapy provides the progressive loading framework for athletes returning to running after hip flexor strain. Screen the whole kinetic chain during that progression \u2014 foot pathology such as <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/cuboid-syndrome-test\/\">cuboid syndrome<\/a> can alter gait and reload the hip flexors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Anterior hip pain is easy to misattribute. The hip flexor strain test battery, anchored by the Thomas Test and supplemented by FADIR provocation, manual muscle testing, and goniometric ROM measurement, gives clinicians the evidence base to make a graded clinical diagnosis with confidence. No single test is sufficient; the combination builds the picture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Documentation is where continuity of care is easiest to lose. Pabau&#8217;s physical therapy EMR gives sports medicine and physiotherapy practices structured templates that capture Thomas Test results, ROM baselines, strain grades, and rehab milestones in one place, making the handoff between sessions and between clinicians seamless.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To see how Pabau supports musculoskeletal assessment workflows, review this <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/opening-a-physiotherapy-clinic\/\">physiotherapy clinic setup guide<\/a>, or speak with the team directly.<\/p>\n\n\n        <div id=\"expert_picks\">\n            <div class=\"header\">\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Expert-Picks.svg\" alt=\"Continue your research\" height=\"42\" width=\"42\">\n                                <h3>Continue your research<\/h3>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"content\">\n                                                            <div class=\"item\">\n                            <div>\n                                <svg width=\"20\" height=\"27\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 27\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                                    <path\n                                        d=\"M18.6223 14.3857C19.1246 13.8975 19.1246 13.1045 18.6223 12.6162L12.1938 6.36621C11.6915 5.87793 10.8759 5.87793 10.3737 6.36621C9.87143 6.85449 9.87143 7.64746 10.3737 8.13574L14.6125 12.2529H2.28571C1.57455 12.2529 1 12.8115 1 13.5029C1 14.1943 1.57455 14.7529 2.28571 14.7529H14.6085L10.3777 18.8701C9.87545 19.3584 9.87545 20.1514 10.3777 20.6396C10.8799 21.1279 11.6955 21.1279 12.1978 20.6396L18.6263 14.3896L18.6223 14.3857Z\"\n                                        fill=\"#54B2D3\" \/>\n                                <\/svg>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <p><strong>Need another provocation test for hip and sacroiliac pain?<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/gaenslens-test\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gaenslen&#8217;s test<\/a> covers how to perform and interpret this SI joint assessment alongside the Thomas Test and FADIR.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                                                <div class=\"item\">\n                            <div>\n                                <svg width=\"20\" height=\"27\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 27\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                                    <path\n                                        d=\"M18.6223 14.3857C19.1246 13.8975 19.1246 13.1045 18.6223 12.6162L12.1938 6.36621C11.6915 5.87793 10.8759 5.87793 10.3737 6.36621C9.87143 6.85449 9.87143 7.64746 10.3737 8.13574L14.6125 12.2529H2.28571C1.57455 12.2529 1 12.8115 1 13.5029C1 14.1943 1.57455 14.7529 2.28571 14.7529H14.6085L10.3777 18.8701C9.87545 19.3584 9.87545 20.1514 10.3777 20.6396C10.8799 21.1279 11.6955 21.1279 12.1978 20.6396L18.6263 14.3896L18.6223 14.3857Z\"\n                                        fill=\"#54B2D3\" \/>\n                                <\/svg>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <p><strong>Building out a broader special-test toolkit?<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/alar-ligament-test\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The alar ligament test<\/a> explains how to assess craniocervical ligament stability using the same structured documentation approach.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                                                <div class=\"item\">\n                            <div>\n                                <svg width=\"20\" height=\"27\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 27\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                                    <path\n                                        d=\"M18.6223 14.3857C19.1246 13.8975 19.1246 13.1045 18.6223 12.6162L12.1938 6.36621C11.6915 5.87793 10.8759 5.87793 10.3737 6.36621C9.87143 6.85449 9.87143 7.64746 10.3737 8.13574L14.6125 12.2529H2.28571C1.57455 12.2529 1 12.8115 1 13.5029C1 14.1943 1.57455 14.7529 2.28571 14.7529H14.6085L10.3777 18.8701C9.87545 19.3584 9.87545 20.1514 10.3777 20.6396C10.8799 21.1279 11.6955 21.1279 12.1978 20.6396L18.6263 14.3896L18.6223 14.3857Z\"\n                                        fill=\"#54B2D3\" \/>\n                                <\/svg>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <p><strong>Assessing vascular provocation in another region?<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/blog\/hand-elevation-test\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The hand elevation test<\/a> walks through thoracic outlet syndrome screening step by step.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    \n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-frequently-asked-questions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1784877742741\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is the Thomas Test and how is it used to diagnose hip flexor strain?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The Thomas Test is a passive hip assessment in which the patient supine pulls both knees to chest to flatten the lumbar spine, then lowers one leg toward the table. A positive result occurs when the thigh rises above horizontal, indicating iliopsoas tightness or hip flexion contracture. It is the primary clinical hip flexor strain test and is named after British orthopedic surgeon Hugh Owen Thomas. The test is interpreted alongside strength and ROM findings, not in isolation.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1784877742742\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">What are the symptoms of a hip flexor strain?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Hip flexor strain presents as anterior hip and groin pain that worsens with resisted hip flexion, climbing stairs, or prolonged sitting. Grade I produces mild localized tenderness with preserved movement. Grade II produces significant pain, possible bruising, and measurable strength and ROM deficits. Grade III causes severe pain, potential palpable defect, and antalgic gait.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1784877742743\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">How long does a hip flexor strain take to recover?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Grade I hip flexor strains typically resolve within 1-3 weeks with relative rest and progressive loading. Grade II injuries generally require 4-8 weeks of structured physiotherapy. Grade III tears can take 3-6 months, and complete avulsions may require surgical review. Individual variation is significant; return-to-sport should be criterion-based rather than time-based, guided by the treating clinician.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1784877742744\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">What causes hip flexor pain?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Hip flexor pain is most commonly caused by acute muscle strain from sprinting, kicking, or sudden hip flexion against load. Overuse and prolonged hip flexion posture (desk workers, cyclists) cause chronic psoas syndrome. Less common causes include hip labral tears, femoroacetabular impingement, snapping hip syndrome, and referred lumbosacral pain. The hip flexor strain test battery distinguishes these by provocation pattern and movement restriction.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1784877742745\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">Is hip flexor pain different in women?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Published evidence on gender-specific differences in hip flexor pain presentation is limited. Women have a wider pelvis and greater Q-angle, which may increase TFL and iliotibial band involvement alongside psoas strain. Gynecological referral (endometriosis, pelvic floor dysfunction) can mimic hip flexor pain in women and should be considered when the hip flexor strain test battery is negative despite persistent anterior hip symptoms. Clinical reasoning must account for this broader differential.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1784877742746\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is the FADIR test and when should it be used?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The FADIR (Flexion, Adduction, Internal Rotation) test is a hip provocation test that screens for femoroacetabular impingement and labral pathology, with anterior hip and capsular tightness as secondary findings. Use it when the Thomas Test is positive and there is anterior groin pain with a clicking or locking sensation, suggesting labral involvement alongside hip flexor strain. A positive FADIR does not confirm a labral tear without MRI arthrogram.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1784877742747\"><h3 class=\"schema-faq-question\">How do you grade the severity of a hip flexor strain?<\/h3> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Hip flexor strains are graded I, II, or III based on symptom severity, functional limitation, and clinical test findings. Grade I involves micro-tears with preserved ROM and mild pain on resisted testing. Grade II involves partial fiber disruption with measurable weakness and ROM restriction. Grade III is a complete rupture with severe pain, potential palpable defect, and substantially restricted function. Clinical grading without ultrasound or MRI carries uncertainty for Grade II and III injuries.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hip flexor injuries are among the most frequently missed diagnoses in clinical musculoskeletal assessment. Anterior hip pain gets attributed to groin pulls, lumbosacral referral, or hip labral pathology, while the underlying hip flexor strain goes undocumented and undertreated. A systematic review published in the journal Sports Medicine found that sports-related groin pain accounts for 12% [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":163871,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_linkdex":"83","_yoast_wpseo_content_score":"30","_yoast_wpseo_is_cornerstone":"","_yoast_wpseo_keywordsynonyms":"[\"\",\"\",\"\",\"\",\"\",\"\"]","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":"","_seo_original_html":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4266,1125,1126,32,1127],"tags":[1849,3449,2240,3446,2216,3087,3866,4032],"class_list":["post-163531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clinical-guides","category-musculoskeletal-pain-management","category-physical-therapy","category-practice-management-tips","category-sports-medicine","tag-clinical-assessment","tag-hip-assessment","tag-hip-pain","tag-hip-pathology","tag-musculoskeletal-assessment","tag-physical-therapy-assessment","tag-special-tests","tag-sports-medicine-assessment"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hip flexor strain test: Thomas Test, FADIR, and clinical grading<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Thomas Test is the primary hip flexor strain test, confirmed when the thigh rises off the table as one leg is lowered.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hip flexor strain test: Thomas Test, FADIR, and clinical grading\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Thomas Test is the primary hip flexor strain test, confirmed when the thigh rises off the table as one leg is lowered.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pabau\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Pabau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-24T09:00:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-13T13:02:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/pabau.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/hip-flexor-strain-test.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Katy Piper\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@pabaucrm\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@pabaucrm\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Katy Piper\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Katy Piper\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5de22f4ff3ec59b1925ef02dce956d7d\"},\"headline\":\"Hip flexor strain test: Thomas Test, FADIR, and clinical grading\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-24T09:00:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-13T13:02:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2947,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test.webp\",\"keywords\":[\"Clinical Assessment\",\"Hip Assessment\",\"Hip pain\",\"Hip Pathology\",\"Musculoskeletal Assessment\",\"Physical Therapy Assessment\",\"Special Tests\",\"Sports medicine assessment\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Clinical guides\",\"Musculoskeletal &amp; 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Outside of work, she's usually chasing her border collie around muddy fields or hunting down the best flat white in town.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/katy-piper\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#faq-question-1784877742741\",\"position\":1,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#faq-question-1784877742741\",\"name\":\"What is the Thomas Test and how is it used to diagnose hip flexor strain?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Thomas Test is a passive hip assessment in which the patient supine pulls both knees to chest to flatten the lumbar spine, then lowers one leg toward the table. A positive result occurs when the thigh rises above horizontal, indicating iliopsoas tightness or hip flexion contracture. It is the primary clinical hip flexor strain test and is named after British orthopedic surgeon Hugh Owen Thomas. The test is interpreted alongside strength and ROM findings, not in isolation.\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#faq-question-1784877742742\",\"position\":2,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#faq-question-1784877742742\",\"name\":\"What are the symptoms of a hip flexor strain?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Hip flexor strain presents as anterior hip and groin pain that worsens with resisted hip flexion, climbing stairs, or prolonged sitting. Grade I produces mild localized tenderness with preserved movement. Grade II produces significant pain, possible bruising, and measurable strength and ROM deficits. Grade III causes severe pain, potential palpable defect, and antalgic gait.\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#faq-question-1784877742743\",\"position\":3,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#faq-question-1784877742743\",\"name\":\"How long does a hip flexor strain take to recover?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Grade I hip flexor strains typically resolve within 1-3 weeks with relative rest and progressive loading. Grade II injuries generally require 4-8 weeks of structured physiotherapy. Grade III tears can take 3-6 months, and complete avulsions may require surgical review. Individual variation is significant; return-to-sport should be criterion-based rather than time-based, guided by the treating clinician.\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#faq-question-1784877742744\",\"position\":4,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pabau.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/hip-flexor-strain-test\\\/#faq-question-1784877742744\",\"name\":\"What causes hip flexor pain?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Hip flexor pain is most commonly caused by acute muscle strain from sprinting, kicking, or sudden hip flexion against load. Overuse and prolonged hip flexion posture (desk workers, cyclists) cause chronic psoas syndrome. Less common causes include hip labral tears, femoroacetabular impingement, snapping hip syndrome, and referred lumbosacral pain. 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Outside of work, she's usually chasing her border collie around muddy fields or hunting down the best flat white in town.","url":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/author\/katy-piper\/"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742741","position":1,"url":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742741","name":"What is the Thomas Test and how is it used to diagnose hip flexor strain?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The Thomas Test is a passive hip assessment in which the patient supine pulls both knees to chest to flatten the lumbar spine, then lowers one leg toward the table. A positive result occurs when the thigh rises above horizontal, indicating iliopsoas tightness or hip flexion contracture. It is the primary clinical hip flexor strain test and is named after British orthopedic surgeon Hugh Owen Thomas. The test is interpreted alongside strength and ROM findings, not in isolation.","inLanguage":"es"},"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742742","position":2,"url":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742742","name":"What are the symptoms of a hip flexor strain?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Hip flexor strain presents as anterior hip and groin pain that worsens with resisted hip flexion, climbing stairs, or prolonged sitting. Grade I produces mild localized tenderness with preserved movement. Grade II produces significant pain, possible bruising, and measurable strength and ROM deficits. Grade III causes severe pain, potential palpable defect, and antalgic gait.","inLanguage":"es"},"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742743","position":3,"url":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742743","name":"How long does a hip flexor strain take to recover?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Grade I hip flexor strains typically resolve within 1-3 weeks with relative rest and progressive loading. Grade II injuries generally require 4-8 weeks of structured physiotherapy. Grade III tears can take 3-6 months, and complete avulsions may require surgical review. Individual variation is significant; return-to-sport should be criterion-based rather than time-based, guided by the treating clinician.","inLanguage":"es"},"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742744","position":4,"url":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742744","name":"What causes hip flexor pain?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Hip flexor pain is most commonly caused by acute muscle strain from sprinting, kicking, or sudden hip flexion against load. Overuse and prolonged hip flexion posture (desk workers, cyclists) cause chronic psoas syndrome. Less common causes include hip labral tears, femoroacetabular impingement, snapping hip syndrome, and referred lumbosacral pain. The hip flexor strain test battery distinguishes these by provocation pattern and movement restriction.","inLanguage":"es"},"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742745","position":5,"url":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742745","name":"Is hip flexor pain different in women?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Published evidence on gender-specific differences in hip flexor pain presentation is limited. Women have a wider pelvis and greater Q-angle, which may increase TFL and iliotibial band involvement alongside psoas strain. Gynecological referral (endometriosis, pelvic floor dysfunction) can mimic hip flexor pain in women and should be considered when the hip flexor strain test battery is negative despite persistent anterior hip symptoms. Clinical reasoning must account for this broader differential.","inLanguage":"es"},"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742746","position":6,"url":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742746","name":"What is the FADIR test and when should it be used?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The FADIR (Flexion, Adduction, Internal Rotation) test is a hip provocation test that screens for femoroacetabular impingement and labral pathology, with anterior hip and capsular tightness as secondary findings. Use it when the Thomas Test is positive and there is anterior groin pain with a clicking or locking sensation, suggesting labral involvement alongside hip flexor strain. A positive FADIR does not confirm a labral tear without MRI arthrogram.","inLanguage":"es"},"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742747","position":7,"url":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/blog\/hip-flexor-strain-test\/#faq-question-1784877742747","name":"How do you grade the severity of a hip flexor strain?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Hip flexor strains are graded I, II, or III based on symptom severity, functional limitation, and clinical test findings. Grade I involves micro-tears with preserved ROM and mild pain on resisted testing. Grade II involves partial fiber disruption with measurable weakness and ROM restriction. Grade III is a complete rupture with severe pain, potential palpable defect, and substantially restricted function. Clinical grading without ultrasound or MRI carries uncertainty for Grade II and III injuries.","inLanguage":"es"},"inLanguage":"es"}]}},"yoast":{"focus_keyword":"hip flexor strain test","seo_title":"Hip flexor strain test: Thomas Test, FADIR, and clinical grading","meta_description":"The Thomas Test is the primary hip flexor strain test, confirmed when the thigh rises off the table as one leg is lowered.","content_score":"30","is_cornerstone":"","related_keyphrases":[{"keyword":"hip flexor strain symptoms","score":56},{"keyword":"hip flexor strain treatment","score":56},{"keyword":"hip flexor rehab","score":56},{"keyword":"hip flexor pain","score":76},{"keyword":"Thomas Test procedure","score":56}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/77"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=163531"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":179779,"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163531\/revisions\/179779"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/163871"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=163531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=163531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pabau.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=163531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}